R. W. Allard

Causation and prevention in epidemiology: assumptions, derivations, and measures old and new

R. W. Allard

Abstract Epidemiologic measures quantifying the causative or the preventive effect of a particular agent with respect to a given disease are frequently used, but the set of assumptions on which they rest, and the consequences of these assumptions, are not widely understood. …

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Breakthrough cases of mpox: One-dose vaccination is associated with milder clinical manifestations

R. W. Allard, Pascale Leclerc, Geneviève Bergeron, Geneviève Cadieux

BACKGROUND: Very few studies have investigated the effectiveness of vaccination in decreasing the severity of breakthrough mpox. Our goal was to estimate the strength of the associations between recent mpox vaccination with MVA-BN and various clinical manifestations of the disease. METHODS: Telephone …

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Prevalence, risk factors and clinical presentations of post-COVID-19 condition: a follow-up study of reported COVID-19 infections in Montreal, Canada

R. W. Allard, Safari Joseph Balegamire, Khadidja Boukar Malloum, Juliana Leal Ribeiro Cantalino et autres

Abstract Background Meta-analyses suggest that post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) mostly takes three clinical presentations: fatigue, cognitive and respiratory. We sought to estimate the prevalence of these presentations and the strength of their associations with potential risk/protective factors, activity limitations and healthcare utilization. Methods …

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La conformité aux mesures de prévention de la COVID-19 est élevée chez les étudiants de niveau universitaire au Québec, Canada

Yohann Pilon, Radu Turcitu, R. W. Allard

Compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures is high among university-level students in Québec, Canada

Yohann Pilon, Radu Turcitu, R. W. Allard

Background: Canada's nationwide lockdown to curb coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections affected many sectors of activity, including universities. During the 2020-2021 academic year, all students were forced to follow their lectures from home and the only in-person activity permitted to Québec university …

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Analysis of COVID-19 Risk Following a Ring Vaccination Intervention to Address SARS-CoV-2 Alpha Variant Transmission in Montreal, Canada

Simone Périnet, Geneviève Cadieux, Sarah-Amélie Mercure, Mylène Drouin et autres

Importance: Given limited COVID-19 vaccine availability early in the pandemic, optimizing immunization strategies was of paramount importance. Ring vaccination has been used successfully to control transmission of other airborne respiratory viruses. Objective: To assess the association of a ring vaccination intervention on …

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Invasive group A streptococcal infection outbreaks of type emm118 in a long-term care facility, and of type emm74 in the homeless population, Montréal, Quebec

PA Pilon, Nathalie Savard, Joséphine Aho, Jean Caron et autres

Background: Two invasive group A streptococcus (iGAS) infection outbreaks occurred in Montréal in 2016 and 2017; one in a long-term care facility (type emm118) and one in the community, primarily involving homeless people (type emm74).Objective: To describe two recent iGAS outbreaks in …

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A population-based study of chronic hepatitis C in immigrants and non-immigrants in Quebec, Canada

Christina Greenaway, Laurent Azoulay, R. W. Allard, Joseph Cox et autres

BACKGROUND: Immigrants originating from intermediate and high HCV prevalence countries may be at increased risk of exposure to hepatitis C infection (HCV) in their countries of origin, however they are not routinely screened after arrival in most low HCV prevalence host countries. …

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Enteric disease episodes and the risk of acquiring a future sexually transmitted infection: a prediction model in Montreal residents

Melissa Caron, R. W. Allard, Lucie Bédard, Jérôme Latreille et autres

OBJECTIVE: The sexual transmission of enteric diseases poses an important public health challenge. We aimed to build a prediction model capable of identifying individuals with a reported enteric disease who could be at risk of acquiring future sexually transmitted infections (STIs). MATERIALS …

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Streptococcal Infections and Varicella

R. W. Allard, Pierre A. Pilon

To the Editor—Frère et al [1] recently reported the effects of a universal varicella immunization program on admissions to a pediatric hospital for invasive group A streptococcal infections (IGASI). We wish to draw readers’ attention to 2 points concerning this study, hoping …

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Management of a hospital outbreak of extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii using a multimodal intervention including daily chlorhexidine baths

Andrew Gray, R. W. Allard, Renée Paré, T N Tannenbaum et autres

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Correlations between development rates, enzyme activities, ribosomal DNA spacer-length phenotypes, and adaptation in Drosophila melanogaster (restriction fragment-length polymorphisms/regulatory gene variation/evolution/population genetics)

P. D. Cluster, Darko Marinković, R. W. Allard, Francisco J. Ayala

Selection for preadult development rate among the progeny of flies collected in a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster produced a line that developed more rapidly than a line selected for preadult devel- opment rate. Assays for enzyme activity levels showed that the …