Iwona Smarz-Widelska

Immune Checkpoint Signatures in Minimal Change Disease and Membranous Nephropathy: Divergent Pathways of a Shared Imbalance

Sebastian Mertowski, Paulina Mertowska, Milena Czosnek, Iwona Smarz-Widelska et autres

Primary glomerulopathies share common immune dysregulation but differ in their predominant pathways. We compared immune checkpoint profiles in minimal change disease (MCD) and membranous nephropathy (MN) with those in healthy volunteers (HV). In a cohort of 90 individuals (MCD, n = 30; …

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Checkpoint Imbalance in Primary Glomerulopathies: Comparative Insights into IgA Nephropathy and Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis

Sebastian Mertowski, Paulina Mertowska, Milena Czosnek, Iwona Smarz-Widelska et autres

Introduction: Primary glomerulopathies are immune-driven kidney diseases. IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) are prevalent entities with a risk of chronic progression. Immune checkpoints, such as PD-1/PD-L1, CTLA-4/CD86, and CD200R/CD200, regulate activation and tolerance in T, B, and NK cells, and …

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The Importance of Toll-like Receptor 9 Expression on Monocytes and Dendritic Cells in the Context of Epstein–Barr Virus Infection in the Immunopathogenesis of Primary Glomerulonephritis

Iwona Smarz-Widelska, Sebastian Mertowski, Paulina Mertowska, Izabela Korona‐Głowniak et autres

Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is activated by unmethylated cytosine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) dinucleotides found in the genomes of pathogens such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The aim of this study was to determine the role of TLR9 in the immunopathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and …

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Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Report of Two Cases

Iwona Smarz-Widelska, Małgorzata Syroka-Główka, Joanna Janowska-Jaremek, Małgorzata Kozioł et autres

Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a life-threatening disease causing systemic thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) due to the fact of complement dysregulation. Immune activation by viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, can lead to the development of an episode of aHUS against a background of genetic …

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The Role of Anti-PLA2R and Anti-THSD7A Antibodies in the Pathogenesis and Diagnostics of Primary Membranous Nephropathy: A Review of Current Knowledge for Clinical Practice

Iwona Smarz-Widelska, Dariusz Chojęta, Małgorzata Kozioł

Primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) is considered a major cause of nephrotic syndrome. The discovery of circulating autoantibodies directed against glomerular podocytes helped to classify them as autoimmune diseases. Over the past years, there has been an increasing significance of anti-Phospholipase A2 Receptor …

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Biological Role, Mechanism of Action and the Importance of Interleukins in Kidney Diseases

Paulina Mertowska, Sebastian Mertowski, Iwona Smarz-Widelska, Ewelina Grywalska

Each year, the number of patients who are diagnosed with kidney disease too late is increasing, which leads to permanent renal failure. This growing problem affects people of every age, sex and origin, and its full etiopathogenesis is not fully understood, although …

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Polish experience with low protein diet supplemented with ketoanalogues of amino acids in the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease stages 4-5

Aleksandra Rymarz, Stanisław Niemczyk (6645821), Przemysław Miarka, Katarzyna Krzanowska et autres

Pathogen profile of urinary tract infections in Nephrology Unit

Dariusz Chojęta, Iwona Smarz-Widelska, Małgorzata Kozioł

Abstract Introduction. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common types of infection in both hospitalized and outpatient settings. The etiology is mostly bacterial, and the typical causative agent is uropathogenic Escherichia coli. There is a noticeable increase in drug …

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Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations of COVID-19-Related Acute Kidney Injury—The Current State of Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Iwona Smarz-Widelska, Ewelina Grywalska, Izabela Morawska, Alicja Forma et autres

The continually evolving severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has resulted in a vast number of either acute or chronic medical impairments of a pathophysiology that is not yet fully understood. SARS-CoV-2 tropism for the organs is associated with bilateral …

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Immunological Prognostic Factors in Multiple Myeloma

Dominika Bębnowska, Rafał Hrynkiewicz, Ewelina Grywalska, Marcin Pasiarski et autres

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell neoplasm characterized by an abnormal proliferation of clonal, terminally differentiated B lymphocytes. Current approaches for the treatment of MM focus on developing new diagnostic techniques; however, the search for prognostic markers is also crucial. This …

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PD-1 and PD-L1 Expression on Circulating Lymphocytes as a Marker of Epstein-Barr Virus Reactivation-Associated Proliferative Glomerulonephritis

Ewelina Grywalska, Iwona Smarz-Widelska, Izabela Korona‐Głowniak, Sebastian Mertowski et autres

Alterations to the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) pathway were previously shown to be involved in a poorer prognosis for patients with proliferative glomerulonephritis (PGN). Here, we investigated the association between several infectious agents and the expression of PD-1 and its ligand …

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Uromodulin – biomarker of renal function with promising clinical application

Dariusz Chojęta, Małgorzata Kozioł, Iwona Smarz-Widelska

Uromodulin (also known as Tamm-Horsfall protein) is a glycoprotein produced exclusively in the kidneys, mainly in the epithelial cells of the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. Under physiological conditions, it is the most abundant urinary protein. A small proportion …

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