Quality of life in physically active older adults during COVID-19 social isolation: longitudinal evidence from the Brazilian amazon using CASP-19

Le résumé fourni par la source

Introduction: aging is a multidimensional process characterized by physiological and psychosocial changes influenced by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Regular physical activity has been associated with better health, functionality, and well-being among older adults, particularly during periods of social disruption such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: to evaluate quality of life and its domains (control, autonomy, self-realization, and pleasure) among community-dwelling older adults engaged in regular physical activity using the CASP-19 scale in the Brazilian Amazon. Methods: this longitudinal observational study was conducted in Coari, Amazonas, Brazil. Data were collected before the COVID-19 pandemic (2019–2020) and after the vaccination period (2021–2022). The convenience sample included adults aged ≥60 years who engaged in regular physical activity totaling at least 150 minutes per week. Sociodemographic characteristics and CASP-19 scores were collected. Data normality was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, and comparisons between the two assessment periods were performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: at baseline, 66 older adults were evaluated; however, three participants died due to COVID-19, resulting in a final analytical sample of 63 participants with complete follow-up data. Most participants were women (76.2%; n = 48) aged 60–69 years (47.6%; n = 30). Regarding socioeconomic characteristics, 36.5% (n = 23) were illiterate, and 77.8% (n = 49) reported a monthly income between one and two minimum wages. Perceived quality of life remained favourable across the four CASP-19 domains, with most participants reporting meaning in life (78.8%; n = 52), satisfaction with daily activities (75.8%; n = 50), and pleasure in social interactions (83.3%; n = 55). Financial limitations were reported by 45.5% (n = 30) as barriers to achieving personal goals. A slight reduction in the median CASP-19 score was observed between the pre-pandemic assessment (41; IQR 39–46) and the post-vaccination assessment (40; IQR 38–44); however, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.0936). Likewise, no significant differences were observed across the four CASP-19 domains between assessment periods. Conclusion: perceived quality of life remained stable among community-dwelling older adults who were physically active before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Stability was observed in both the overall CASP-19 score and its four domains, providing longitudinal evidence from a remote municipality in the Brazilian Amazon and contributing to a better understanding of quality of life among physically active older adults living in an underrepresented setting.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.