Trends and regional variations of ischemic heart disease and liver cirrhosis-related mortality among American adults (1999-2023)

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Problem considered Liver cirrhosis (LC) is linked to ischemic heart disease (IHD). This study investigates mortality trends due to concurrent LC and IHD using national-level data in the U.S. Methods This retrospective, population-based descriptive study utilized the CDC WONDER (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research) database to retrieve mortality data among adults aged ≥25 years from 1999 to 2023. Crude rates (CRs), age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 population, and annual percentage changes (APCs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and data were stratified by year, sex, race, urbanization, and state. Results Among 113,089 deaths, AAMRs decreased from 1999 to 2009 (APC: -1.16; 95% CI: -1.97 to -0.60), increased from 2009 to 2018 (APC: 2.71; 95% CI: 1.80 to 3.51), and rose sharply from 2018 to 2021 (APC: 9.72; 95% CI: 7.56 to 11.15). Rates between 2021 and 2023 were stable. (APC: 0.35; 95% CI: -1.95 to 2.93) Males had triple the AAMRs compared to females (3.08 vs 1.01). Non-Hispanic (NH) American Indian/Alaska Natives had the highest AAMRs (4.05), while NH Asian/Pacific Islanders (0.99) had the lowest. AAMRs in the West (2.14) were the highest, followed by the South (2.12), Midwest (1.77), and Northeast (1.66). Nonmetropolitan areas had higher AAMRs than metropolitan ones (1.96 vs 1.84). States in the top 90th percentile of crude mortality rates included West Virginia (CR: 3.89), Rhode Island (CR: 3.63), Oklahoma (CR: 3.29), Texas (CR: 3.01), and Vermont (CR: 3.01). Conclusion Mortality due to concurrent LC and IHD has risen in recent years, remaining higher in men, NH American Indian/Alaska Natives, nonmetropolitan areas, and the West, underscoring the need for strategic interventions to mitigate these disparities.

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