Care Needs of Patients With Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases: An Integrative Review

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ABSTRACT Background and Aims Chronic cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a primary contributor to global mortality. Despite their prevalence, the comprehensive care needs of affected patients are not fully elucidated. This integrative review sought to synthesize current evidence on the multifaceted care requirements of individuals with chronic CVDs. Methods A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, targeting studies published between 2010 and February 2025. The Whittemore and Knafl framework guided the methodology, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative research. Thematic analysis was utilized to distill key care‐related themes. Results The analysis of 14 studies revealed 5 predominant themes central to the care needs of patients with chronic CVDs. Health Education encompassed the dissemination of medical information, lifestyle education, guidance on using medical instruments, promotion of healthy behaviors, and counseling on diet and nutrition. Self‐Care Management focused on self‐care practices, medication adherence, symptom monitoring, risk factor control, and strategies to prevent complications. Holistic Support included mental health resources, emotional reassurance, support groups, assistance with daily activities, engagement of family and community, caregiver support, cost management, and socioeconomic aid. Care Coordination highlighted the importance of primary contact persons, telehealth and digital health solutions, and accessibility to healthcare services. Lastly, End‐of‐Life Care addressed decision‐making processes, palliative care consultations, and attention to spiritual and existential needs. Conclusion This review underscores the complex and diverse care needs of patients with chronic CVDs, advocating for the adoption of comprehensive, patient‐centered care models. These insights provide a foundation for designing targeted interventions and directing future research to enhance patient outcomes and quality of life.

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