A rare case of Kikuchi — Fujimoto's disease in a 5-year-old child

Résumé fourni par la source

Background. Kikuchi – Fujimoto's disease (histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis) is an extremely rare disease of the lymphatic system, often with a benign course. Despite numerous studies in the literature, the etiology of the disease is still unclear, and therefore the registration of all clinical cases of the disease is of great importance. Objective. The aim of the study was to describe a clinical case of Kikuchi – Fujimoto's disease in a 5-year-old boy. Materials and methods. In describing the clinical observation, clinical, anamnestic and laboratory methods of dynamic research were used, as well as an analysis of medical documentation (child's developmental history, outpatient medical record, inpatient medical record) of the patient. Results. The article discusses a clinical case of Kikuchi – Fujimoto's disease in a 5-year-old boy hospitalized for inguinal lymphadenitis. The disease began acutely with a single rise in temperature to febrile numbers and the appearance of a painful formation in the right groin area. In the hospital, the child underwent inguinal lymphadenectomy on the right, the biopsy surgical material was sent for microscopic and immunohistochemical examination, which revealed signs specific to histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis. It is known from the patient's life history that the boy is the third child in the family. Allergic diseases, pathology of the gastrointestinal tract and arterial hypertension, burden heredity. All the patient's relatives are Russian by nationality. From the patient's life history, it is noteworthy that the mother was allegedly infected with the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus during pregnancy. Conclusion. The described clinical case is the first case in the Russian Federation in a male preschool child with a rare localization of lymphadenitis and expands the understanding of the etiology of Kikuchi – Fujimoto's disease, including new demographic and diagnostic characteristics. The described clinical observation of a patient with Kikuchi – Fujimoto's disease confirms the need for further study of the nature of this disease in order to develop ways to prevent it and prevent recurrence of purulent-necrotic lymphadenitis.

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