Advanced design of graphene-based metamaterial Zr-TiC-BN solar thermal absorber applicable in renewable solar mining applications

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The new graphene-based multilayered absorber design investigation for the ultrawideband spectrum, with an overall range of 2800 nm, is the focus of the current research. The multilayer is composited with the zirconium–titanium carbide–boron nitride (Zr–TiC–BN) over the graphene part, as the resonator design is mainly derived from the two squares. A two-square- and quadrant-shaped graphene solar absorber (SQGSA) has been developed in this study, achieving an overall efficiency of 94%. Near-perfect absorption (99.18%) is achieved at 500 nm and above 97% (97.16%) at 1200 nm, respectively. Machine learning for the Random Forest (RF) method and an R 2 value above 0.99 can be optimized with a 0.25 test value. Polarization—an insensitive show for a 0–80 incidence angle in the current absorber and then the distribution of electric and magnetic fields involved with the wavelengths (μm) of 0.32, 0.45, 1.06, and 1.73, respectively. Design development with the lithography distribution, the structural optimization, and the resonator design derivation is also presented. With the main idea of using the thermal conversion, the developed absorber can be modified for solar dryer mining application.