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2026
article
Surgical Site Infections in Major Lower Limb Amputation (SIMBA): international multicentre study
The SIMBA Collaborative Group, Ismay Fabre, Brenig Gwilym, L Hitchman, Nina Al‐Saadi, Lakna Harindi Alawattegama, Terry Hughes, Michaela Petit, Katie Worralo, Bryar Kadir, Judith Long, Laura Magill, Andrew Garnham, Ian Chetter, Thomas Pinkney, Matt Popplewell, Michael Wall, David C. Bosanquet, Graeme K. Ambler, Aminder Singh, Tristan R A Lane, Mohammed M. Chowdhury, Mohammad Jamal Faisal, Nadun L Mohotti, Shiva Dindyal, Elsamoual Mohammed, Ibrahim Warrag, Spencer Probert, Nadim Noor, Hannah Burton, Laura Russell, Naveed Akhtar Malik, Hamza Waqar Bhatti, Marryam Riaz Farooqui, Fatima Rauf, Ragai Makar, Mohammed Mostafa, R Shehata, Tamer Ghatwary, Anwar Al-Kassar, Andrew Khallaf, Nee Beng Teo, Devender Mittapalli, Prathyusha Nagineti, Thawwab Mohideen, Sandip Tania Tabassum, L Ugwumba, Claire Dawkins, Albagir Altahir, Sheeva Rabiee, Yousef Yousef, Rana Khalil, Claudia Tomkys, Michael Rafeh, Babatunde Alatishe, Wisam Taha, Mohamed Salaheldin Mohamed Elshikhawoda, Sohaib A M Jararaa, Mahmoud Okaz, Abdillahi Ahmed Roble, Muhammad Numan Zahid, Waseem Ahmad, Sherif Mansour, Nikesh Dattani, Santiago Mier y Terán-Ellis, Stefan Klimach, Terriann Russell, Ayman Zyada, Vivek Vardhan Jayaprakash, Joanna Fisher, Sophie Harris, Natalie Condie, Ali Mohamed, Gabriella Gilks, Maciej Juszczak, Virginia Summerour, Sui Wu Tee, Katarzyna Powezka, Niloy Rahman, Tania Tabassum, Helen Suttenwood, Helena Smith, Christos Karkos, Maria Afroditi Mitka, Konstantinos Papazoglou, Ioakeim Papoutsis, Arthur Lim, Ross Lathan, Melanie Chin Ning Liu, Mirza Arsalan Baig, Theofanis Papas, Konstantinos Roditis, Paraskevi Tsiantoula, Konstantinos Seretis, A Antoniou, Sofia Tzamtzidou, Nikolaos Giannakopoulos, Tom Wallace, Chandini Parsan Chand, Than Dar, Kathrine Lee-A-Ping, Therese McCarthy, Noman Shahzad, M.T. Metcalfe, Alexander Jaques, Guglielmo La Torre, Mehdi Mohammadi, Isaac Jabang, Hemayet Sarkar, Rajeshwar Jotheeswaran, Sandhir Kandola, Mohamed Elkawafi, Ayman Alsheikh, Megan Conolly, Ibraheem Obaidat, Walid Alnatsheh, Amy Stimpson, Kit Lam, Matthew Mcmillan, Edward Brown, Rosannah Williams, Philip Stather, Ishtiaq Aziz, Kerry Brand, Mahetab M.S Shehata, Merella Al Tali, A W Lee, Navanith Murali, Ramesh Kannan, Martin Gannon, Abrar Ali, Robina Aslam, Ahmed Taha, Dinesh Gurung, Mourtada Akabar, Andrea Mingoli, Pierfrancesco Lapolla, Gioia Brachini, Bruno Cirillo, Simona Meneghini, Pierfranco Maria Cicerchia, Martina Zambon, Alan Meldrum, Gillian Miller, Thomas Berry, Alisa Khalid, Matthew Hinckley, David Sidloff, Abdel Raoof Helal, Mohammad Miah, Robert Fitridge, Kay Hon, Annie Matthew, Hannah Twidale, Neil McMillan, Yaopey Yong, Taher Faydi, Amr Abdelhaliem, Faisal Iqbal, Hazem Elsantawy, Goel Raviraj, Emad El-Areef, Ahmed Elmetwally, Rachel Barnes, Craig Cadwallader, D. Francis, Ganesh Kuhan, Isaac Kobe, Sufyan Azam, Sivaram Premnath, Marwa Biuk, Arhum Mustajab, Eleanor Mayor, Tom Hardy, Francesca Hunter, James Beavis, Siddharth Shukla, Charlie Bewsey, Rachael Forsythe, Sean Mccafferty, Sharon Chan, Eilidh Gunn, Hannah O'neil, George A Antoniou, Ali Elsawi, Usman Shabbir, Mohammed Waly, Steven Jones, Thomas Lyons, Saheed Shittu, Nanthesh Kiruparan, Rajagopalan Sriram, Adeel Abbas Dhahri, Affaf Ahmed, Anthony Jaipersad, Anastasia Tzatzidou, Hidayatul Abdullmalek, Yanqiang Lu, Ghadeer Shnawa, Luis Lopes, Pushpa Veeralakshmanan, Harindi Alawattegama, Abhhinav Singhal, Oluwatetisimi Inwang, Chhaya Patel, Matthew Popplewell, Μichael Spartalis, Christopher Twine, Nicole Short, Iain Roy, Fauzi Alhakmi, Charalampos Tsakiris, Bilal Azhar, James Budge, Robert Leatherby, Kirsten Lee, Michalis Kawka, Joseph Shalhoub, Monty Fricker, Bon Besana, Sangeeta Laljee, Michael Scanlon, Noemi Stanciu, Daniel Perren, Muhammad Zulfiquar, Chloe McGill, Girisha Hingorani, Catherine Fraser, Iona Tatham, Ahmed Bayoumy, Reyad Abdallah, Isabelle Van Herzeele, Lina Vermeir, Nikolaos Kontopodis, Christos Chronis, Georgios Tzouliadakis, Michalis Pesmatzoglou, Alexander Oberhuber, Teresa Nierhoff, Jana Ebing, Mario D’Oria, Beatrice Grando, Sandro Lepidi, Lewis Meecham (4038080), Eshan Mazumdar, Mohammed Kabis, Diva Jhaveri, Ganesh Shinde, Elisabeth Smith, Dean Godfrey, Thomas Baker, Andrew Nickinson (8162037), Ioannis Mykoniatis, Joseph Harker, Manar Khashram, Thomas Lovelock, Thomas Cavaye, Ricky Kwok, Simon Lai, Anantha Narayanan, Justin Cain, Fabio Massimo Oddi
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Le résumé fourni par la source
INTRODUCTION: Surgical site infection (SSI) after major lower limb amputation (MLLA) significantly affects function, mobility, morbidity, and mortality, alongside broader impacts on healthcare services. Limited data exist on the incidence, prevention, and management of SSI after MLLA. Improving outcomes and wound healing have been identified as research priorities for patients following MLLA. METHODS: Surgical Site Infection in Major Lower Limb Amputation (SIMBA) is an international, prospective, collaborative observational study. Data were collected for consecutive patients undergoing MLLA over 8 months, with 30-day follow-up. Outcomes included the incidence of SSI (defined using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria), wound dehiscence (defined as any partial or complete separation of the incision or flap, with or without infection), further intervention, mortality, adjunct use, and SSI predictors. RESULTS: Validated data for 1314 MLLAs from 46 centres in the UK (34), Europe (9), Australasia (2), and Asia (1) were collected, comprising 643 (48.9%) transfemoral, 41 (3.1%) through-knee, and 628 (47.8%) transtibial amputations. The most common indications were ischaemia (56.6%, 742) and uncontrolled infection (22.3%, 293). The incidences of SSI and wound breakdown were 10.9% (135 of 1238) and 16.7% (204 of 1217), respectively. Low glomerular filtration rate, cardiac disease, dirty/infected wound class, and transtibial amputations were independent predictors of SSI. SSI was associated with increased postoperative morbidity, wound breakdown, further intervention, and delays in fitness for discharge. The 30-day mortality rate was 7.0% (92 of 1314), with no significant association with SSI. CONCLUSION: SSI and wound breakdown are common following MLLA, and are associated with increased morbidity, delayed recovery, and revision surgery. These findings identify patient- and procedure-specific factors associated with elevated SSI risk, and a lack of procedure-specific evidence, revealing critical gaps in SSI prevention strategies. Addressing these are essential to improve patient outcomes, reduce healthcare costs, and guide future research.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- Surgical Site Infections in Major Lower Limb Amputation (SIMBA): international multicentre study
- Date Crossref
- 04/09/2026
- Éditeur
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
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