Biofumigant Defatted Seed Meals Against Meloidogyne incognita: Effects on Soil Microbial Community

Le résumé fourni par la source

Plant-parasitic nematodes pose a significant threat to agriculture, highlighting the need for control strategies alternative to chemical treatments. Biofumigation relies on the release of toxic glucosinolates into the soil following the incorporation of Brassicaceae plant material or derived products, such as defatted seed meals (DSM). Biofumigation has proven effective against nematodes; however, its impact on soil microbial communities remains poorly understood. In this study, we assessed the effects of biofumigation with DSM from Brassica carinata on soil microbial community and its efficacy against Meloidogyne incognita . Tomato plants were transplanted in pots with naturally infected soil amended with (i) glucosinolate-containing DSM from Brassica carinata (CAR); (ii) non-glucosinolate-containing DSM from sunflower (SUN); (iii) chemical fumigant metham-sodium (VAP); (iv) untreated control (TEST). Root growth parameters and nematode infection were evaluated at the end of the trial, while soil nematicidal effects and microbial community (prokaryotes and eukaryotes) were evaluated 0, 10, 32 and 62 days after trial setup. CAR biofumigation was as effective as VAP in reducing soil nematode population and root infection, additionally promoting root weight. The effects of CAR on prokaryotic community were transient and linked to the nutritional input from plant material, resulting in a general increase in bacterial population. In contrast, VAP induced long-lasting changes in the community and a general reduction in bacterial population. The effects on eukaryotic community, on the contrary, were comparable. Overall, these results underscore the potential of biofumigant DSM amendments as a sustainable alternative to chemical fumigants for the management of soilborne nematode diseases.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.