Effects of comprehensive nursing interventions on pain, recovery, and sexual quality of life in patients with adenomyosis: a prospective cohort study

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Objective To explore the effectiveness of comprehensive nursing intervention in patients with adenomyosis and its impact on pain and sexual quality of life. Methods This prospective, non-randomized study included 120 patients with adenomyosis who received treatment at Ganzhou People's Hospital between November 2022 and March 2024. All patients underwent total hysterectomy. Patients with concurrent endometriosis were not excluded; however, baseline characteristics between groups were comparable ( P > 0.05 for all variables). The patients were divided into a control group ( n = 60) and a study group ( n = 60) based on the timing of their hospitalization relative to a new institutional nursing protocol. The control group received routine nursing care, while the study group underwent comprehensive nursing intervention in addition to routine care. Pain scores (VAS), sexual quality of life (FSFI scale), psychological status (SAS, SDS), quality of life (SF-36), and nursing satisfaction were evaluated prospectively by trained research staff at baseline (admission) and at discharge. Results There were no significant differences in baseline data between the two groups ( P > 0.05). Post-intervention, the study group had lower VAS scores compared to the control group ( P < 0.05). The study group also showed reduced postoperative bleeding, earlier ambulation, shorter time to first flatus, and shorter hospital stays compared to the control group ( P < 0.05). Additionally, FSFI scores, including all subcategories and the total score, were higher in the study group ( P < 0.05). The study group exhibited lower post-intervention SAS and SDS scores ( P < 0.05) and higher SF-36 scores ( P < 0.05) than the control group. Nursing satisfaction was significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group ( P < 0.05). Conclusion Comprehensive nursing intervention provides multidimensional support tailored to the needs of patients, alleviating tension and fear, and promoting an optimal treatment state. It effectively reduces pain and improves sexual quality of life in patients with adenomyosis, making it worthy of clinical application. Given the prospective, non-randomized, single-center design of this study, the findings should be interpreted as demonstrating associations rather than causal relationships.

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