Small non-coding RNAs as potential markers for predicting the course of CIN1 / LSIL

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Background. In current clinical practice, there are no clear criteria for selecting management strategies for patients with initial, potentially reversible, signs of cervical dysplasia. Considering the known role of small regulatory RNAs (microRNAs) in cervical carcinogenesis, these molecules may serve as prognostic markers. Aim. To develop and evaluate the prognostic potential of a microRNAs analysis technology based on micro-array polymerase chain reaction. Materials and methods. Cervical swab material obtained from women of reproductive age, following a cytological diagnosis of LSIL (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion), was used in the study. RNA was isolated using spin columns. A semi-quantitative analysis of 24 microRNA molecules was performed using sequential polyadenylation, reverse transcription, and micro-array polymerase chain reaction reactions. To evaluate the results, expression ratios of “reciprocal pairs” of microRNAs were calculated, the statistical significance of observed differences was assessed using the Mann–Whitney test, and ROC analysis was applied to evaluate prognostic significance indicators. Results. The developed method, based on the analysis of six microRNA molecules, allows for the prediction of the development of severe cervical epithelial dysplasia (HSIL) within 4–6 months with a sensitivity of 0.83 and a specificity of 0.83. Conclusion. The analysis of microRNAs in cervical swab material, conducted using micro-array polymerase chain reaction and the proposed interpretation algorithm, can become a convenient tool for predicting the course of mild cervical epithelial dysplasia.

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