A Survey-Weighted Analysis of Online Shopping and Home Delivery Use Among Adults with a Travel-Limiting Condition in the 2022 National Household Travel Survey

Le résumé fourni par la source

This study examines how often adults with a travel-limiting condition or disability use online shopping and home delivery. It uses the person file of the 2022 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS), a household-based survey, restricted to community-dwelling adults aged 18 and over. Delivery counts are heavily overdispersed, so survey-weighted negative binomial models with household-clustered standard errors are used, with delivery frequency as the outcome. Covariates are entered sequentially. Adjusting for demographics alone, adults with a travel-limiting condition do not receive significantly more deliveries; adding socioeconomic status leaves the estimate null; only after employment, driver status, and household vehicle and driver counts are added does a positive association emerge. Because those variables may be consequences rather than causes of a travel-limiting condition, this association is contingent on the model specification and does not constitute evidence of a robust unconditional difference. Within the subsample of adults who receive at least one delivery, however, the pattern is stronger and specification-stable: adults with a travel-limiting condition receive more deliveries overall and disproportionately more food, grocery, and service or personal deliveries than general goods. All estimates are cross-sectional associations and cannot establish direction or cause. The NHTS records how often deliveries occur but not why, so whether delivery compensates for inaccessible travel options remains untested and requires data on accessibility and trip substitution.

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