Environmental tobacco smoke and risk of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia: a birth cohort study

Résumé fourni par la source

Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been established as a risk factor for several adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth and gestational diabetes mellitus. However, studies on the relationship between ETS and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are limited. In this study, we aimed to clarify the association between ETS at different trimesters of pregnancy and the risk of gestational hypertension (GH) and preeclampsia (PE) among non-smoking pregnant women. A total of 16,683 non-smoking mothers with singleton live births from the Southwest Birth Cohort, China(2019–2021), were included in the final analyses. Exposure and outcome measures included self-reported ETS status at different trimesters of pregnancy and HDP diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to estimate the association between ETS and HDP. Of the 16,683 participants, 4,332 (26.0%) were exposed to ETS during pregnancy. Overall, 407 (2.44%) women developed HDP, of which 292 (71.7%) had GH and 115 (28.3%) had PE. Compared with no ETS, ever ETS had an increased risk of GH (aOR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.17 ~ 2.04, P < 0.05). The association remained consistent only in the first and the last trimesters of pregnancy ETS exposure. In the first trimester ETS exposure, the risk of GH increased significantly with the increase in the duration of the exposure, and exposure both at home and workplace showed higher risk of GH than other location.There was no significant association between PE and ETS. ETS exposure at different trimesters of pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of GH among non-smoking pregnant women. These findings emphasize the importance of preventing ETS exposure during pregnancy.

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