Microneedle Platforms with Real Therapeutic Agents

Résumé fourni par la source

Abstract: Microneedle arrays are an emerging local drug delivery technology. These microsystems penetrate the skin non‑invasively and offer a promising alternative to traditional systems. Numerous studies have examined microneedles from various perspectives. In this review, we focus on research that has successfully delivered therapeutic agents using microneedle platforms in both human and animal subjects. This review covers the six main categories of microneedles: hollow, solid, coated, dissolvable, swelling, and porous. The mechanisms of drug delivery, loading methods, drug capacity, and therapeutic agents across all types are described and compared. Dissolvable and coated microneedles are the most extensively studied platforms. Dissolvable microneedles feature straightforward fabrication, single‑stage administration, and high compatibility with a broad range of compounds. In contrast, coated microneedles with two‑step administration typically deliver lower doses. Hollow microneedles can deliver high volumes of liquid formulations. Solid microneedles are less commonly used for drug delivery due to their multi‑step application and the rapid natural closure of the holes upon removal. Among these, porous and swelling microneedles, as newer and less studied models, offer controlled release and intelligent drug delivery. From a pharmaceutical perspective, insulin is the most extensively studied therapeutic agent, successfully delivered via all microneedle types in various formulations. Additionally, several vaccines, ovalbumin, curcumin, cisplatin, dexamethasone, and lidocaine have been effectively delivered by microneedles. Overall, this review offers a practical framework for selecting the most suitable microneedle platform based on drug state, required dose, and loading limitations. It confirms the significant potential of microneedles for real drug delivery while highlighting existing research gaps and emerging areas of study.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.