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2026 preprint

Observation of enhanced baryon production using strange hadrons in oxygen-oxygen collisions

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Résumé fourni par la source

A hot deconfined medium known as the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is created in collisions of ultrarelativistic heavy nuclei. In these systems, hadron production is strongly modified relative to proton-proton (pp) interactions. In the hadron transverse momentum region 2 $ < p_{\mathrm{T}} < $ 5 GeV, collective radial flow and quark coalescence are important mechanisms that can produce such modifications. While these effects are well-established for collisions of large ions, such as lead, it is unknown if they are present in systems produced using smaller ions. To address this question, the $ p_{\mathrm{T}} $ spectra of two strange hadrons, $ \mathrm{K^0_S} $ and $ \Lambda $, are measured in oxygen-oxygen ($ \text{OO} $) and pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 5.36 TeV. The measurements are performed using the CMS detector at the LHC, and the $ \text{OO} $ and pp datasets correspond to integrated luminosities of 6.8$ \text{nb}^{-1}$ and 1.1$ \text{pb}^{-1}$, respectively. The spectral modification of $ \mathrm{K^0_S} $ mesons in $ \text{OO} $ collisions relative to pp collisions is found to be similar to that of inclusive charged hadrons. Conversely, the $ \Lambda $-to-$ \mathrm{K^0_S} $ cross section ratio exhibits a pronounced enhancement in $ \text{OO} $ collisions when compared to pp collisions. The results provide the first observation of a baryon-to-meson enhancement in $ \text{OO} $ collisions and suggest the formation of a deconfined medium, offering insight into the roles of strangeness, radial flow, and quark coalescence in QGP.

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Sujets associés

High-Energy Particle Collisions ResearchQuantum Chromodynamics and Particle InteractionsDust and Plasma Wave Phenomena

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