Phytosociology of weed species and soybean productivity under different cropping systems in brazilian cerrado oxisol

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ABSTRACT Understanding effects of agricultural systems on ecological interactions between crops and weeds is essential for sustainable management. This study evaluated weed phytosociology and soybean productivity under conventional tillage (CT), no-tillage (NT), and integrated crop-livestock-forestry (CLF) systems in an Oxisol of the Brazilian Cerrado. A split-plot design was adopted, with three cropping systems assigned to main plots and three phytosociological survey periods to subplots, with eight replicates. Phytosociological assessments were conducted at 5 and 30 days after emergence (DAE) and at pre-harvest. Weed species were identified and quantified using the quadrat method. The following parameters were determined: density, relative density, frequency, relative frequency, abundance, relative abundance, relative importance index (Ri%), and similarity index. Soybean productivity was also assessed. Thirteen weed species were identified, belonging to seven botanical families. Poaceae predominated across systems and evaluation periods. Portulaca oleracea, Cenchrus echinatus, Digitaria insularis, and Digitaria horizontalis showed the highest mean Ri% values in all cropping systems and evaluation periods. Species distribution showed high variability in phytosociological parameters; however, similarities were observed among cropping systems and evaluation periods. NT and CLF systems resulted in significantly higher soybean productivity.

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