Seasonal Response of the Arctic Sea Ice to Meltwater Runoff from the Greenland Ice Sheet

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Abstract Meltwater runoff from the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) has been increasing since the early 1990s, which has exerted widespread influences on local and remote systems. Most previous studies have emphasized the influences of the GrIS meltwater runoff on global climate, the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, and sea level rise. In this study, we focus on the seasonal response of the Arctic sea ice to the GrIS meltwater runoff in a regional high-resolution Arctic ocean–sea ice coupled model. It is found that the GrIS meltwater runoff induces a south expansion of wintertime sea ice extent in the Labrador Sea. The GrIS meltwater runoff leads to more sea ice in autumn and less sea ice in spring–summer in the Nordic Seas. In the central Arctic Ocean deep basin area, the GrIS meltwater runoff causes less sea ice area in the Canadian Basin and more sea ice area in the Eurasian and Makarov Basins in summer, while less sea ice volume in the Canadian Basin annually and more sea ice volume in the Eurasian and Makarov Basins during winter–summer. Studies have suggested that the GrIS meltwater runoff is projected to increase under the Arctic Amplification, this work indicates that the GrIS meltwater runoff at the southern Greenland coast could impact the Canadian Basin sea ice quickly and strongly in the future.

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