Onychomycosis: An unexplored territory

Résumé fourni par la source

Background: Onychomycosis is the fungal nail infection caused by dermatophytes, yeasts and few non-dermatophyte molds. It is known as Tinea unguium when it is caused by a Dermatophyte infection. The incidence of fungal nail infection in India varies from 0.5–12% and around 5% worldwide. Aim andObjectives: To determine prevalence of onychomycosis and its causative agents amongst patients, to assess the associated risk factors, complications and to determine the percentage of other clinical conditions mimicking onychomycosis.Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted for 3 months in our department with 53 nail samples. KOH mount and fungal culture followed by Lactophenol cotton blue teased mount were done for identification of fungi. Statistical analysis was done by Statistical tool R.Results: Female patients and patients of age group 31–45 years were most commonly affected. Trichophyton mentagrophytes was the most common agent isolated. The most common risk factor associated was the fungal infections in the other body parts followed by excessive use of detergent. Discolouration of nails was the most common complication. Bacterial infections of nails was the most common condition mimicking onychomycosis.Conclusion: Early diagnosis and appropriate therapy is crucial for patient recovery. Non-dermatophytes are the emerging etiological agents for onychomycosis, though major causative agent is still dermatophytes. Lifestyle modifications and awareness can reduce patient’s morbidity as Onychomycosis is associated with several complications.

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