A Framework for VR-Based Safety Simulation of Multi-Robot Human–Robot Work Collaboration in Construction

Résumé fourni par la source

The integration of robotics in construction offers opportunities for greater efficiency and safety, yet multi-robot Human–Robot Work Collaboration (HRWC) introduces systemic risks that remain insufficiently addressed. This paper presents a structured framework for developing VR-based safety scenarios tailored to multi-robot HRWC in construction. Through a systematic process, four representative scenarios were designed to reflect distinct phases of construction: bridge deck construction, interior fit-out, façade installation, and interior finishing with quality control. Each scenario was specified along key dimensions, including operational context, robotic configuration, human roles, and safety-critical situations, ensuring both practical relevance and analytical consistency. The scenarios capture challenges such as inter-robot interference, cognitive demands on human supervisors, communication protocols, and the coordination of tasks in dynamic, shared environments. Early-stage implementation in Unity3D demonstrates how the framework guides translation into immersive simulations, providing a foundation for systematic evaluation of safety risks and mitigation strategies. The contribution lies in advancing multi-robot HRWC research and establishing a reproducible methodology for designing VR-based safety simulations in construction.

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