Morphometric analysis of the hand in young adults

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Introduction. The hand is the distal part of the upper limb and has a complex structure that enables a high degree of mobility and grasping. Hand morphometric characteristics exhibit sexual dimorphism, as well as ethnic and racial variations. Contemporary studies indicate that hand morphology changes throughout ontogenesis, with sex differences becoming fully expressed in adulthood. This study aimed to conduct a morphometric analysis of the hand in young adults and determine differences by body side and sex. Material and Methods. The study included 140 participants of both sexes, with a mean age of 19.83±0.98 years. The anthropometric parameters analysed included hand widths (S1-S3), palm lengths (D1-D5), and finger lengths (P1-P5). Results. In both sexes, thumb length (P1) was significantly greater on the right hand. In females, parameters S1 and S3 were significantly higher on the right hand, whilst D4 and D5 were higher on the left. In males, D3, D4, D5, and P5 were significantly greater on the left hand, whereas S2 was higher on the right. Comparison between sexes revealed statistically significant differences across all measured parameters, with males consistently exhibiting higher values. Conclusion. Significant sex-related differences in hand morphometric parameters were observed, with males showing higher values across nearly all measured dimensions. Bilateral asymmetry was present in both sexes.

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