Estimation of the tibial length and degree of tibial torsion

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Introduction. The tibia is a long, massive bone of the lower leg, the length of which is used in anthropological analyses to estimate body height. This bone is slightly rotated around its longitudinal axis, a condition known as tibial torsion. This study aimed to determine the total length of the tibia and the angle of tibial torsion, and to establish whether differences existed between right and left bones. Material and Methods. A total of 42 tibias from the osteological collection of the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad were analysed (19 right, 23 left). Measurements of tibial length and the degree of torsion were performed, after which the measured values were compared to determine whether differences existed between right and left bones. Results. The average length of all bones was 37.45 cm, and the average value of the torsion angle was 28.68°. No statistically significant difference in length between right and left tibias was found, whereas the difference in the degree of torsion was statistically significant (t = 2.5690, p = 0.0141). Internal torsion was not recorded; in five tibias the angle of external torsion was over 40°, and in three cases it was exactly at the borderline value of 40°. Conclusion. No correlation was found between tibial length and the degree of tibial torsion. The torsion values of the tibias in the majority of the sample correspond to the most commonly described physiological range in the population.

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