Agrobotanical characterization of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) lines in Chumbivilcas, Peru

Résumé fourni par la source

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a strategic crop for global food security in the face of climate change, especially in high Andean ecosystems. The objective of this study was to characterize ten quinoa lines undergoing advanced selection (L-427-14-8, L-416-14-5, L-420-14-8, L-417-14-7, L-215-14, L-220-14, L-248, L-249-2, L-251, and L-252) agrobotanically against the commercial variety Salcedo INIA. The research was conducted in Mellototora, Chumbivilcas (3535 masl), using a completely randomized block design with four replications during the 2024-2025 growing season. Phenological, morphological, and yield component variables were evaluated using ANOVA and Tukey's test for mean comparisons (p < 0.05). The results indicated that the crop's biological cycle ranged from 152 to 177 days, with the control being the earliest maturing. In terms of productivity, five lines significantly outperformed the commercial control. Line L-427-14-8 stood out with the highest yield (4.39 t.ha⁻¹) and 1000-grain weight (4.15 g), followed by L-416-14-5 (3.92 t.ha⁻¹). Morphologically, line L-220-14 reached the greatest height (1.77 m), while L-251 and L-252 excelled in panicle dimensions. It is concluded that the evaluated lines have desirable morphological, phenological and yield characteristics for the edaphoclimatic conditions of the study area, exceeding the standards of current local varieties, which positions them as viable candidates for future variety release programs.

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