Optimization of the Extraction of Total Alkaloids From Lotus Leaves by Acidic Ethanol and Its Purification by Macroporous Resins

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This acidic ethanol extraction method was adopted to extract total alkaloids from lotus leaves. Single-factor experiments combined with response surface methodology (RSM) were employed to optimite extraction conditions. The optimal extraction parameters were determined as follows: 55 °C, 77% ethanol, 0.66% hydrochloric acid, under which the extraction yield of total alkaloids reached 4.14%. D101 macroporous resin was selected for the purification of crude alkaloid extracts. The resin exhibited an adsorption capacity of 8.60 mg/g and a desorption rate of 43.39%. The optimized purification conditions were as follows: 4 mg/mL sample solution, 50% ethanol eluent, 1.5 BV/h flow rate, 30 mL loading/100 mL elution volume. After purification, total alkaloid purity reached 89.31 ± 1.33%. Adsorption obeyed pseudo-second-order kinetics and Temkin isotherm, being spontaneous and endothermic. This provides improved methods for isolating bioactive alkaloids from lotus leaf.

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