TiO 6 as a Compensatory Structural Unit in Co‐Free, High‐Ni Layered Oxide for Durable Lithium‐Ion Batteries

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ABSTRACT High‐Ni layered oxides are among the most promising cathode materials for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high capacity. However, the reliance on Co, a scarce, expensive, and geographically constrained element, poses challenges to sustainability and large‐scale deployment. In this study, Ti is investigated as a cost‐effective and earth‐abundant substitute for Co in LiNi 1‐x Ti x O 2 (LNTO, x = 0.07 and 0.14), synthesized via a scalable co‐precipitation method. EXAFS analyses indicate that no obvious Jahn–Teller distortion is observed in LNTO‐1, while DFT calculations suggest that Ti substitution modulates the Ni─O electronic interaction and helps reduce the driving force for cooperative Jahn–Teller distortion within the interconnected NiO 6 framework. In addition, it suppresses the detrimental H2–H3 phase transition and reduces internal mechanical stress during cycling. EXAFS and NEXAFS analyses further reveal that TiO 6 octahedra act as compensatory structural units that accommodate lattice strain in both bulk and surface regions, thereby stabilizing the rhombohedral framework. As a result, the optimized LNTO‐1 ( x = 0.07) delivers a high initial discharge capacity of 197.5 mAh g − 1 at 0.05 C and retains 80% capacity after 431 cycles at 0.5 C. This work provides strategic insights for the design of sustainable, high‐performance cobalt‐free Ni‐rich cathodes for next‐generation LIBs.

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