Residual effect of different sources and levels of sulphur on growth, yield attributes and yield of mustard (Brassica spp.)

Le résumé fourni par la source

A field experiment was conducted during the Rabi seasons of 2021–22 and 2022–23 at the Instructional-cum-Research Farm, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, to study the residual effect of different sources and levels of sulphur applied to the preceding rice crop on growth, yield attributes and yield of succeeding mustard (Brassica spp.). The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications, comprising nine main-plot treatments representing the residual effect of different sulphur sources and levels applied to the preceding rice crop and three sub-plot fertilizer levels, viz. no RDF, 50% RDF and 100% RDF applied to mustard. The mustard variety Chhattisgarh Sarson was grown by direct sowing at a spacing of 45 × 10 cm. The recommended fertilizer dose for mustard was 100:80:40 kg N: P2O5: K2O ha-1, and no sulphur was directly applied to the succeeding mustard crop. The soil was Kanhar, characterized by low organic carbon, low available nitrogen and sulphur, medium available phosphorus and high available potassium, with neutral soil reaction (pH approximately 7.1). The residual sulphur treatments significantly influenced the growth, yield attributes and seed yield of mustard. Among the residual treatments, T8, comprising 40 kg S ha⁻¹ through ammonium sulphate in the preceding rice crop, generally recorded the highest values of growth and yield attributes and the highest mean seed yield (16.53 q ha-1) and stover yield (40.07 q ha-1). T7, comprising 30 kg S ha-1 through ammonium sulphate, generally followed T8, while T5, comprising 40 kg S ha-1 through elemental sulphur, was another comparatively superior treatment. The absolute control (T9) generally recorded the lowest values, with a mean seed yield of 12.71 q ha-1. Direct application of fertilizer to mustard also improved growth and yield, with 100% RDF generally recording the highest values followed by 50% RDF and no RDF. The interaction between residual sulphur treatments and fertilizer levels was significant for selected parameters, number of siliqua plant-1, siliqua length and test weight. The results demonstrated that sulphur applied to the preceding rice crop exerted a measurable residual effect on the succeeding mustard crop and that this residual benefit was further supported by adequate fertilizer nutrition in mustard.

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