6G Satellite Connectivity in Direct Access Services

Résumé fourni par la source

The convergence of satellite and terrestrial networks is reshaping communication architectures, redefining the interaction between satellite and terrestrial components within integrated systems. While 5G has enabled initial integration between mobile and satellite domains, fully realizing its potential requires new business models and cooperation between mobile and satellite network operators. Non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) extend beyond satellites to include aerial platforms such as unmanned aerial vehicles and high-altitude platforms, providing connectivity in areas where terrestrial infrastructure is limited. Their versatility supports critical services such as disaster recovery, search and rescue, and emergency response. The evolution toward 6G further strengthens the integration of terrestrial and NTNs, emphasizing universal broadband connectivity and societal impact. Unlike 5G’s higher-layer integration, 6G aims for native NTN incorporation, enabling seamless global communication. Current research focuses on unified space–air–ground architectures, AI-driven network control, spectrum coexistence, advanced beamforming, and cloud-native designs with space-based edge computing while also addressing sustainability, resilience, and security for future digital ecosystems. Based on the existing literature, this chapter presents key open issues and research challenges. The first part focuses on innovation and development challenges in spaceborne and airborne NTN connectivity, highlighting major research priorities and directions. The second part summarizes current 5G NTN research results and outlines the vision toward 6G.

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