Contrasting Responses of Soil Physicochemical Properties and Bacterial Communities to Understory Intercropping in Idesia polycarpa Plantations

Le résumé fourni par la source

Understory intercropping may improve soils, but its effects on bacterial communities in Idesia polycarpa plantations remain unclear. Five patterns were established in the Yellow River floodplain: pure I. polycarpa and I. polycarpa intercropped with Astragalus membranaceus, Ipomoea batatas, Salvia rosmarinus, or Arachis hypogaea. Soil properties and bacterial communities were assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, LEfSe, FAPROTAX, and redundancy analysis. Intercropping significantly affected soil electrical conductivity, water content, organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium, but not pH or bulk density. Salvia rosmarinus intercropping had 14.3 g kg−1 organic matter and 123 mg kg−1 available potassium; Arachis hypogaea had 14.5 g kg−1 organic matter and 81.3 mg kg−1 alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen; and Ipomoea batatas had 11.9% water content and 13.6 mg kg−1 available phosphorus. Alpha diversity did not differ significantly. PCoA suggested differentiation, but PERMANOVA based on Bray–Curtis dissimilarity was nonsignificant (r2 = 0.329, p = 0.083); LEfSe identified treatment-associated biomarkers. Chemoheterotrophy and aerobic chemoheterotrophy accounted for 42.6–45.7% and 20.4–26.2%, respectively. Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen was associated with genus-level variation (r2 = 0.440, p = 0.031). Understory intercropping improved soil conditions and may influence bacterial composition and predicted functional potential.

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