Optimization of potato yield and quality through nutrient management in acidic soils of Assam, India

Le résumé fourni par la source

Potato is a nutrient-exhaustive crop; therefore, optimizing fertilizer management is critical in acidic soils, where nutrient availability is frequently limited by fixation, imbalance, and decreased usage efficiency. A field experiment was conducted for two consecutive years during 2020–21 and 2021–22 at the ICR farm of Assam Agricultural University to evaluate the optimal dose of fertilizers for potatoes under acidic soil conditions. A total of 13 fertilizer treatments were evaluated in a randomized block design with three replications using the Kufri Khyati cultivar. The results showed significant variations in crop growth, tuber yield, nutrient uptake, tuber quality, and soil nutrient status across different fertilizer treatments. Among the treatments, optimum plant growth parameters were noted with the supply of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) @ 240:120:150 kg/ha compared with the unfertilized plants. A significant increase in tuber number and yield was noted with the supplementation of NPK @ 240:120:150 kg/ha compared with the exclusion of nutrients. A notable enhancement in total tuber yield was also reported with the addition of NPK @ 240:120:150 kg/ha (32.79 t/ha), which increased by about 121.11% over the control. The agronomic use efficiency and partial factor productivity of nutrients greatly increased with suboptimal doses compared to higher doses of nutrients. The soil nutrient status showed great improvement with the addition of NPK @ 240:120:150 kg/ha, and depletion of soil nutrients was noted with the omission of fertilizers. The correlation matrix also revealed key interrelationships among the morphological, phenological, and nutrient uptake traits of potato and its tuber yield. The relationship study showed that tubers of medium size, ranging from 25 to 75 g, showed a more positive impact on tuber yield with 91% variability than small- and large-sized tubers.

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