Socioeconomic, Mental Health, and Healthcare Access Determinants of Prescription Antibiotic Use in U.S. Adults: Evidence from NHANES 2017-March 2020

Le résumé fourni par la source

Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health challenge, and understanding patterns of antibiotic use is important for improving stewardship strategies. This study examined socioeconomic, mental health, and healthcare access determinants of prescription antibiotic use among U.S. adults using publicly available data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017 March to 2020 pre-pandemic cycle. Adults aged 18 years and older were included. Prescription antibiotic use during the previous 30 days was identified from the NHANES prescription medication file. Independent variables included age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, household income, health insurance coverage, primary source of healthcare, self-rated health, and depressive disorders and symptoms measured by the PHQ-9. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were conducted using Pearson's chi-square tests and independent-samples t-tests. Among 9,693 adults, 355 (3.7%) reported recent prescription antibiotic use. Antibiotic use was significantly associated with sex, race/ethnicity, health insurance, usual source of healthcare, self-rated health, depression category, and PHQ-9 score. Age, education, and household income were not significantly associated with antibiotic use. These exploratory findings suggest that healthcare access and mental health may be important correlates of prescription antibiotic use.

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