Meeting the growing demand: the role of modern goat breeding techniques in ensuring sustainable production

Le résumé fourni par la source

Goat production contributes significantly to food security, nutrition and rural livelihoods, particularly in tropical and developing regions where goats are valued for their adaptability and efficient utilization of low-quality feed resources. However, traditional breeding systems are often limited by low productivity, poor genetic potential, nutritional deficiencies, disease challenges, and inadequate access to improved breeding technologies. Modern breeding approaches offer opportunities to overcome these constraints and improve production efficiency. This review examines recent advances in goat breeding and management, focusing on genetic improvement, reproductive technologies, nutritional strategies, and health management practices that support sustainable production. Key technologies discussed include selective breeding, genomic selection, artificial insemination, embryo transfer, cryopreservation, and gene-editing approaches. It also highlights the roles of precision feeding, nutrigenomics, probiotics, vaccination programs, and biosecurity measures in enhancing growth performance, reproduction efficiency, disease resistance, and product quality. Furthermore, the socioeconomic contributions of goat production to rural development, household income, and climate resilience are considered. Current evidence indicates that integrating improved genetics with effective nutrition and health management can substantially enhance goat productivity while promoting sustainability. However, the adoption of advanced technologies remains constrained in many smallholder production systems by limited infrastructure, technical capacity, and financial resources. Therefore, practical interventions such as strategic feeding, disease control, farmer training, and gradual implementation of reproductive technologies represent realistic pathways for improving production. Overall, modern goat breeding practices provide important opportunities to meet the increasing demand for goat products while supporting sustainable and resilient livestock systems.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.