Haematological Parameters in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Case-Control Study on Combined Haematological and Inflammatory Parameters Impacting Active Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Le résumé fourni par la source

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompasses Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic gastrointestinal condition with diverse clinical presentation. Although haematological and inflammatory parameters are used to assess disease activity, their diagnostic performance varies. This study investigated haematological and inflammatory alterations and their association with disease activity in Bangladeshi IBD patients. Methods: A total of 320 participants (97 CD, 91 UC and 132 healthy controls) were recruited from a tertiary care center in Bangladesh between September 2023 and August 2024. Disease activity was evaluated using Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (CDAI) for CD and Truelove and Witts criteria were used for UC. Laboratory parameters included complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and iron profile. Statistical analysis included the Mann–Whitney U tests, multivariable logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: Compared to controls, both CD and UC patients showed significantly higher C-reactive protein (CRP) and RDW-CV and significantly lower levels of haemoglobin and haematocrit (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in ESR levels. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) was significantly elevated in both disease groups. Notably, changes in platelet count, monocyte count as well as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were observed only in UC. Multivariable analysis identified RDW-CV, CRP and platelet count as independent predictors of disease activity in CD, whereas monocyte count, CRP and PLR were independent predictors for UC. ROC analysis indicated modest discriminatory performance in UC (AUC = 0.684) and lower and non-significant performance in CD (AUC = 0.621). Conclusion: PLR, CRP, and monocyte count were more strongly associated with disease activity in UC, whereas RDW-CV and platelet indices were more strongly associated with CD. Combined biomarker models demonstrated modest discriminatory ability in UC and may serve as adjunctive tools for disease activity assessment.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.