Research Status and Development Trends on Cold Energy Storage Technology and Its Engineering Applications

Le résumé fourni par la source

Cold storage systems are typically employed to preserve various agricultural items that require low temperatures, including vegetables, fruits, flowers, aquatic products, and meat. This chapter addresses different types of cold energy storage, including sensible, latent thermal storage, phase change materials, and dynamic ice storage are critically analyzed. The use of artificial intelligence to improve the efficiency of cold energy storage systems is also discussed. Sensible water storage systems have a low specific heat capacity of approximately 4.18 kJ kg −1 K −1 . In contrast, latent storage methods involving phase change materials (PCMs) show considerably high densities, such as ice storage, which corresponds to a density of about 335 kJ kg −1 , while organic and inorganic PCMs show densities in the range of 110-250 kJ kg −1 . The chilled water storage system is recognized as the fastest and most cost-effective option, which can be applied to a broad range of buildings. In contrast, ice storage systems and dynamic ice slurries show better performance in the range of 38-40% in both energy and CO 2 emissions. Ice-based systems offer savings in life-cycle costs of up to 40%, with ice slurries reducing operational costs to below 50%. The artificial neural network (ANN) and hybrid ANN-fuzzy models show the best results in terms of faster computation and acceptable error limits in comparison with the CFD simulation results. In this case, the energy savings are around 6.5%, and the maximum percentage of overshoots is as low as 4.4%. This study provides an overview of the latest developments in cold-energy storage systems.

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