Phytochemical Screening of Artemisia annua (Asteraceae) and Carica papaya Linn (Caricaceae) Leaves for Malaria Vector Control in Couffo Department in South-western Republic of Benin, West Africa

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Background: Mosquito vector control is facing a threat due to the emergence of resistance to synthetic insecticides.Safe and ecofriendly insecticides of botanical origin may serve as suitable alternative biocontrol techniques in the future.Objective: The current study was aimed at investigating on phytochemical screening of two plant leaves for malaria vector control. Materials & Methods:The leaves of two plants which were Artemisia Annua and Carica Papaya Linn were collected in their predilection areas in Couffo department in south-western Republic of Benin.Aqueous extracts of both plant leaves were done and the phytochemical screening analysis was performed through the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the phytoconstituents. Results:The results showed that the aqueous extract of A. annua had the highest tenor in total polyphenolic, tenor in flavonoids and tenor in condensed tannins.Both samples had cristal aspect.In addition, the sample of A. annua had the highest extraction produce.The phytochemical screening analysis of the dry leaf powder extracts of both plants showed that these leaves contained secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, gallic tannins, anthocyans, saponins, mucilages, reducer compounds, flavonoids, coumarins and steroids.Conclusion: Secondary metabolites present in the dry leaf powder extracts of the plants studied in the current study have potential insecticidal activities.However, further study is recommended to identify the active ingredient of aqueous extracts of both plant leaves and their mode of action.