Salvia officinalis methanolic leaf extract induces apoptosis, G1-phase arrest in lung cancer cells and exerts potent antioxidant and antimicrobial activity

Le résumé fourni par la source

Salvia officinalis is a medicinal plant with a variety of biological activities, however, fewer studies have investigated its alcoholic extracts’ bioactivity. In this study, the anticancer, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of S. officinalis methanolic stem (SOS) and leaf (SOL) extracts were assessed in detail. MTT assay results revealed that SOL exerted higher cytotoxic activity than SOS with IC 50 values of 7.41 µg/mL, 7.19 µg/mL and 9.43 µg/mL against HCT116, A549 and MCF7 cancer cells, respectively. Cell-cycle analysis and Annexin V-FITC assay conducted on A549 showed that SOL induced G1-phase arrest and apoptosis. Moreover, DPPH and ABTS antioxidant assays showed that SOL possessed higher antioxidant activity than SOS, with IC 50 values of 7.19 µg/mL and 9.43 µg/mL for both assays, respectively. SOL antioxidant activity was also found to be similar to that of ascorbic acid, highlighting its potential as a cancer preventive agent. The agar well diffusion assay revealed that SOL possessed a higher antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris and Staphylococcus aureus than SOS. Further quantitative analysis via broth microdilution assay showed that SOL exerted its highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus vulgaris with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 312.5 µg/mL, while SOL’s effect on Candida albicans was found to be comparable to ketoconazole. Finally, GCMS analysis revealed the presence of major bioactive compounds in SOL that could potentially be responsible for its bioactivity. Therefore, this study identified SOL as a highly potent therapeutic agent.

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