Evaluation of serum nesfatin-1 levels in polycystic ovarian syndrome women: A cross-sectional case–control study.

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Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder associated with metabolic and hormonal disturbances. Nesfatin-1 is emerging as a potential biomarker linked to insulin resistance and ovarian dysfunction. Objective: To evaluate serum nesfatin-1 levels in women with PCOS and assess their correlation with clinical, metabolic, and hormonal parameters. Methods: This cross-sectional case–control study included 50 women with PCOS and 50 age- and BMI-matched healthy controls. Clinical features, metabolic parameters, and hormonal profiles were assessed. Serum nesfatin-1 levels were measured using ELISA. Results: Mean serum nesfatin-1 levels were significantly higher in the PCOS group (6.03 ± 1.58 ng/ml) compared to controls (1.98 ± 1.00 ng/ml). Triglycerides (80.76 ± 12.32 mg/dl) and LDL cholesterol (99.86 ± 9.91 mg/dl) showed positive correlation, while HDL cholesterol showed negative correlation with nesfatin-1 levels. Hormonal parameters, including FSH (7.32 ± 2.92 mIU/ml), LH (6.58 ± 3.81 mIU/ml), and serum insulin (9.71 ± 7.56 µU/ml), were positively correlated with nesfatin-1. Conclusion: Serum nesfatin-1 levels are significantly elevated in PCOS women and are associated with metabolic and hormonal disturbances. Recommendations: Nesfatin-1 may serve as a useful biomarker for early detection and metabolic risk stratification in PCOS patients.

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