Epidemiological Profile of Malignant Neoplasm of the Adrenal Gland.

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All articles of this category (opens in new window) Address for correspondence Letícia Letícia Hanna Moura da Silva Gattas Graciolli (leticiahgraciolli@gmail.com) Introduction: Malignant neoplasms of the adrenal gland are rare, with higher incidence in children and females. In Brazil, the South and Southeast regions present rates up to 15 times higher than the global average. Most of these tumors originate from the adrenal cortex and are non-functioning, often being incidentally discovered during imaging exams. Thus, epidemiological assessment is essential to better understand their occurrence patterns. Objective: To quantitatively analyze hospital admissions due to malignant neoplasm of the adrenal gland in Brazil. Methods: A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted using data from the Brazilian Unified Health System’s Hospital Information System (SIH-SUS). Hospital Admission Authorizations (AIHs) for malignant neoplasm of the adrenal gland (ICD-10: C74) were reported from 2019 to 2023. Data were stratified by sex, race/skin color, and age group. To assess temporal trends in hospitalizations, the Chi-square test for trend was applied, with a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05). Results: A total of 3,600 hospitalizations were recorded between 2019 and 2023, with an increase from 2019 (n=686) to 2020 (n=760), followed by a slight decrease in 2021 (n=732) and stabilization in subsequent years (2022: n=707; 2023: n=715). The Chi-square test confirmed a statistically significant trend (χ² = 652.60; p < 0.001). Sex analysis revealed a male predominance (n=2,136; 59.3%) compared to females (n=1,464; 40.7%). Regarding race/skin color, white individuals (n=2,067; 57.4%) and brown individuals (n=1,273; 35.4%) were the most affected, followed by Black (n=78; 2.2%) and Yellow (Asian descent) individuals (n=34; 0.9%). There was missing information in 150 cases (4.1%). In terms of age, there was a predominance among children aged 1 to 4 years (n=1,433; 39.8%), followed by the 5–9-year group (n=950; 26.3%), 10–14 years (n=314; 8.7%), and under 1 year (n=190; 5.3%). Conclusion: The quantitative increase in hospitalizations from 2019 to 2020 followed by stabilization may indicate improved access to specialized treatment and diagnosis. Demographic evaluation showed a higher incidence in males, contrary to expectations. A predominance of white and brown individuals was observed, possibly due to better access to medical care and diagnosis, and in children aged 1 to 4 years. This highlights the importance of epidemiological surveillance and equitable access to specialized treatment for the entire population, especially children. Publication History Article published online: 26 June 2026 © 2026. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda. Rua Rego Freitas, 175, loja 1, República, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01220-010, Brazil Bibliographical Record Letícia Letícia Hanna Moura da Silva Gattas Graciolli, Eduarda De, Karime Maues Araújo Nascimento, Tiffany Mie Botelho Sugui, Thainara Villani, Julia de Paula Panzan, Lucas Mateus de Souza, Giordano Crivilatti Soldera, Caroline Cavalcante Leite, Ricardo Estevão Matos Souto. Epidemiological Profile of Malignant Neoplasm of the Adrenal Gland.. Brazilian Journal of Oncology 2026; 22. DOI: 10.1055/s-0046-1825436

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