Trends in the Axis Changes of Astigmatism in Children of Different School Ages and Predictive Analysis of Developmental Models

Résumé fourni par la source

Clinical relevance The dynamic changes in astigmatic axis in school‐age children with development guide optometrists in accurate axis determination and regular follow‐up, improving correction efficacy and preventing asthenopia and amblyopia. Purpose This study performs model predictions and investigates the patterns of change in the axis of astigmatism, the transition trends of oblique astigmatism, and its risk level by examining changes in the axis of astigmatism in children of various school years. Methods From seven primary schools in Beijing’s Yangfangdian School District, 1386 pupils in all—771 in the second grade and 615 in the fifth grade—were chosen. A year of follow‐up observations was carried out, and IOLMaster and standard logarithmic visual acuity charts were used for eye examinations to measure different biological characteristics of the eyes. After that, the 2 years’ data were compared and examined. Results Astigmatism axis direction changes among fifth‐grade students from 2015 to 2016 were larger than those among second‐grade students ( p < 0.01); astigmatism axis direction changes among students aged 7, 8, 10, and 11 years were different ( p < 0.01) and increased with age; and correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between age and astigmatism axis direction changes ( p < 0.001). Older students demonstrated a significantly higher risk of transitioning from WTR to OBL astigmatism compared to younger cohorts. These proportions varied by age group ( p < 0.01). Males and females did not vary significantly in the changes in astigmatism axis values ( p > 0.05). Conclusions As children age, their astigmatism axes tend to become more unstable than those of younger students, and they are more likely to transition from WTR to OBL astigmatism. By creating a model of astigmatism axis changes in students of various ages, we can better comprehend the group’s astigmatism state and take prompt action.

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