Effects of dietary pretreated anchovy waste on growth performance, meat composition, haematology and gut histology in quail

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of pre-treated anchovy waste (PAW) inclusion as an alternative protein source on quail's growth performance, meat quality, blood chemistry profile, and Ileum histology. The anchovy waste was pre-treated by solid-liquid extraction to reduce the salt content. The control feed contains fishmeal (FM) and 0% PAW, while the treatment groups each include different PAW levels. For the starter and grower stage, the ration for control contains 10% FM, while T1, T2, and T3 contain 10%, 15%, and 20% PAW, respectively. The control ration contains 5% FM in the finisher stage, while T1, T2, and T3 have 5%, 10%, and 15% PAW, respectively. The feeding trial was conducted for 6 weeks using 60 quails. The results showed that solid-liquid extraction efficiently reduces the salt content in anchovy waste from 30.22 ± 0.17% to 8.97 ± 0.25%. The growth performance in terms of average daily feed intake, average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, weight gain and body weight was significantly (P < 0.05) influenced by different treatments in certain week (s). Morphological indices of quails also demonstrated significant alterations (P < 0.05) during some specific weeks. The quail's meat from T3 group gives a better meat chemical composition, with the highest crude protein content at 25.59 ± 0.09%. Regarding meat physicochemical properties, no significant differences were observed among the dietary groups, except the water holding capacity (WHC), where the control group had the highest value at 87.63 ± 0.74%. Haematological indices like white blood cell, lymphocytes, monocytes, haematocrit, and mean corpuscular volume were significantly affected (P < 0.05) by different PAW levels. In terms of ileum histology, the T3 diet gave superior results, showing significantly increased (P < 0.05) villus length (131.34 ± 0.54 μm) and mucosa thickness (13.10 ± 0.79 μm). To conclude, Japanese quail consumed T3 diet, 20% PAW in starter/grower ration and 15% PAW in finisher ration, demonstrated better growth, meat quality, and health status.

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