Effectiveness of plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor film in surface treatments of resin‐matrix ceramics to preserve optical characteristics after different aging processes

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Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the surface roughness and optical characteristics of three ceramics with resin matrix for computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing, after different surface treatment protocols associated or not with the application of film deposition by plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) after different in vitro aging procedures. Materials and Methods A total of 720 specimens were prepared and divided into groups: mechanical polishing (MP), sealant (S), MP + PECVD, and S + PECVD. The in vitro aging procedures were thermocycling, erosive challenge, and immersion in dye solution ( I ): distilled water ( I W ), black tea ( I BT ), and red wine ( I RW ). The response variables were surface roughness ( R a ), color change (Δ E 00 ), translucency parameter (TP), and contrast ratio (CR). For multiple comparisons, the three‐way analysis of variance test was used, followed by Tukey's post hoc test ( α = 0.05). Results Aging increased roughness in all ceramics, whereas the surface sealant reduced R a more effectively than MP, even with PECVD. The red wine solution showed the highest staining potential, followed by black tea and distilled water ( p > 0.05). In the I RW , there was a significant reduction (>50%) in the Δ E 00 values in both surface treatments associated with PECVD for all ceramics. Aging caused changes in the TP and CR values of the ceramics (more opaque). Conclusion Film deposition by PECVD was beneficial in reducing color change when immersed in black tea and red wine.

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