Ultra Deep Carbonate Rock Formation Pressure Prediction Based on Mechanical Specific Energy: An Example of the Shuangyushi Structure in the Sichuan Basin, China

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ABSTRACT: The Sichuan Basin in China is rich in deep and ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs. However, due to the complex diagenesis and pore structures of carbonate rocks, it is difficult to effectively determine formation pressures in deep and ultra-deep carbonate formations using traditional methods. This study establishes a mathematical model for formation pressure prediction based on mechanical specific energy (MSE). The specific steps for pressure prediction are elaborated, and case studies are conducted in ultra-deep carbonate formations. The results indicated that there was a distinct negative correlation between downhole mechanical specific energy and formation pressure. Moreover, significant fluctuations in the calculated downhole mechanical specific energy can lead to a scattered distribution of the predicted formation pressure. Through frequency spectrum analysis, the formation pressure of the Qixia Formation in the Shuangyushi Structure is estimated to range from 80 to 100 MPa, with an equivalent density of 1.0– 1.33 g/cm³.The predicted formation pressures are in good agreement with the measured pressures in adjacent wells, confirming that mechanical specific energy can be effectively used to estimate formation pressure in ultra-deep carbonate formations. This study provides a new approach for obtaining formation pressures in such environments, which is significant for ensuring drilling safety.

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