Epidemiological insights of lumpy skin disease and its economic burden in Haryana, India

Résumé fourni par la source

Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD), is a highly infectious viral disease affecting bovines, first appeared in India during 2019. Haryana, which contributes 5.4% to India’s total milk production, experienced severe LSD outbreaks during 2022–2023, resulting in substantial economic losses for farmers. This study assessed the farm-level epidemiological characteristics and economic burden of LSD outbreaks that occurred during 2022–2023 in Haryana using primary survey data collected from 227 cattle farms during 2024. Epidemiological parameters including incidence rate, mortality rate, disease persistence, and seasonal occurrence were estimated along with economic loss parameters such as milk reduction loss, mortality loss, treatment expenditure, draught power loss, vector management cost, and opportunity cost of labour. LSD incidence rate in indigenous cattle during the two-year period (2022-2023) was 23/100 animal-years, while in crossbred cattle it was 20/100 animal-years. The estimated milk loss per affected animal was 45 litres in indigenous cattle and 90 litres in crossbred cattle. Median mortality loss was higher in indigenous cattle (USD 416.67) compared to crossbred cattle (USD 111.11). The total projected farm-level economic loss due to LSD in Haryana was estimated at USD 27.51 million (INR 2,476 million) during 2022–2023. These findings highlight the substantial burden of LSD in dairy cattle in Haryana and emphasize the need for improved disease surveillance, early diagnosis, and effective control strategies.

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