Leadership in MNEs

Le résumé fourni par la source

Summary Leadership in multinational enterprises (MNEs) is the process by which individuals steer organizations that span multiple countries, cultures, and institutional settings. It requires the ability to influence diverse stakeholders while managing strategic, cultural, and relational complexities. Leadership in MNEs is shaped by global-local tensions, rapid environmental change, and the need to coordinate geographically dispersed units. Effective MNE leaders integrate a global vision with local responsiveness. They interpret incomplete information, balance competing demands, and craft strategies that achieve global efficiency while respecting local expectations. Core capabilities of MNE leaders include cultural intelligence for adapting to varied norms, international experience for managing tacit knowledge and cross-border networks, and emotional intelligence for building trust. Leadership in MNEs is inherently multilevel and collective. It involves leaders operating across diverse organizational levels (central, regional, and divisional headquarters, global teams) whose roles, influence, and leadership challenges vary significantly across the MNE. For instance, CEOs and top management teams must align the MNE strategy across headquarters and subsidiaries, while subsidiary managers serve as boundary-spanners who translate global objectives into local action and feed local insights back to headquarters. These interactions shape innovation, sustainability initiatives, and long-term value creation. Future research on leadership in MNEs should engage in multilevel, longitudinal studies to capture how leadership attributes and team dynamics evolve over time. It should also explore indigenous and hybrid leadership models that move beyond Western paradigms. Investigating the cognitive and relational mechanisms that underpin decision-making, such as bounded rationality and bounded reliability, will further illuminate how leaders create sustainable value. Overall, MNE leadership is a dynamic and context-dependent phenomenon requiring individuals who can reconcile global integration with local responsiveness and steer organizations through shifting geopolitical and societal demands.

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