Hormone Receptor Status in Breast Cancer Patients and Its Association with Age and Histopathological Grade in a Tertiary Care Setting

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Objective: Hormone receptor testing plays a central role in the classification and treatment planning of breast cancer. This study aims to assess the frequency of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression in breast carcinoma and examine their association with age and histopathological grade in a tertiary care setting. Study design and setting: This study design is cross-sectional, and it took place at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi. Methodology:. A total of 175 breast carcinoma cases diagnosed at a tertiary care center were reviewed. Information regarding patient age, tumor characteristics (type, size, lymph node status, metastasis, histological grade), and ER/PR expression was recorded. Associations between receptor status and clinicopathological parameters were examined using the chi-square test. Results: The majority of patients (59.4%) were aged 51–80 years. Most tumors were of ductal type (55.4%) and hormone receptor–negative, with 64.6% ER-negative and 70.3% PR-negative. ER and PR positivity were significantly higher in older patients (p = 0.02 and p = 0.04, respectively). However, no significant association was found between histopathological grade and either ER or PR status. Conclusion: Hormone receptor negativity was prevalent, especially in younger women: ER and PR expression increased with age and showed no association with tumor grade. These findings support the routine use of hormone receptor testing for informed treatment decisions

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