High Latitude Thermosphere and Ionosphere Density Response to the May 2024 Geomagnetic Storm Observed by the LLITED CubeSat Mission
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Le résumé fourni par la source
Abstract The May 2024 G5 geomagnetic storm produced significant disturbances in the ionosphere and thermosphere, particularly at high latitudes. Using high‐resolution in situ ion and neutral density measurements from the NASA Low‐Latitude Ionosphere/Thermosphere Enhancements in Density (LLITED) CubeSat at 430 km altitude, this study documents notable variation in both neutral and ion densities by comparing quiet, storm, and recovery phases. During the storm, the thermospheric neutral density increased by 305%, while the ionospheric plasma density decreased by 28% compared to quiet conditions averaged over the measurements. While the thermosphere largely returned to pre‐storm levels by May 12, ion density remained suppressed. These simultaneous collocated neutral and ion measurements along with physics‐based models suggest a strong link between Joule heating‐driven thermospheric upwelling and ionospheric depletion. The ionosphere relative density depletion measured is also noted to be a product of the F‐peak likely moving above the satellite altitude, as observed by ground‐based radar measurements made by Poker Flat Incoherent Scatter Radar. Comparison with models shows that the NCAR TIE‐GCM results closely replicated the observed thermospheric storm response within 10% between −30° and −60° MLat but underestimated densities poleward of −60° MLat by 25%, while also simulating an ion density depletion. The empirical model NRLMSISE‐00 significantly underrepresented storm‐time effects in the thermosphere, while IRI2020 captured a similar ion density depletion to what was observed. As satellite populations in low Earth orbit continue to grow, understanding the coupled thermosphere‐ionosphere response to energy flowing from the Sun is critical for improving space weather modeling and prediction.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- High Latitude Thermosphere and Ionosphere Density Response to the May 2024 Geomagnetic Storm Observed by the LLITED CubeSat Mission
- Date Crossref
- 01/07/2026
- Éditeur
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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University of New Hampshire Department of Physics & pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Kyushu University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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The Aerospace Corporation pays non établi dans la noticeOrganisation à but non lucratif
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Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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SRI International pays non établi dans la noticeOrganisation à but non lucratif
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Center for Space and Atmospheric Research Embry‐Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Beach FL USA pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Physical Sciences Department Embry‐Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Beach FL USA pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
Department of Physics & — University of New Hampshire, Kyushu University et The Aerospace Corporation, avec 4 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.