The Relationship Between Periodontal Disease and Diabetes among Indigenous Populations: A Scoping Review Protocol
Le résumé fourni par la source
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and periodontitis are interlinked noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) that are highly prevalent worldwide and significantly impact the quality of life of affected individuals.1 Diabetes mellitus, characterised by elevated blood glucose levels, remains one of the leading contributors to global disease burden. 2 Recent estimates from the International Diabetes Federation show that 589 million people were living with diabetes in 2024, with projections indicating a rise to 853 million by 2050. 3 Oral diseases, though often overlooked in mainstream health discourse, contribute substantially to this global burden. Approximately 3.5 billion people are affected by oral conditions, including dental caries, periodontal disease, oral cancer, and edentulism.4 Periodontal disease alone ranks as the 11th most prevalent condition globally5 and imposes a major economic cost estimated at USD 154.06 billion in the United States and €158.64 billion in Europe in 2018.6 Against this backdrop, Indigenous populations experience a significantly higher burden of both diabetes and periodontal disease. Around 476 million Indigenous people live globally approximately 6% of the world’s population identified variously as tribes, native peoples, aborigines, First Nations, Adivasi, Janajati, and hill tribes.7 Studies among Native American communities demonstrate a clear association between periodontal disease and poorer glycaemic control, reinforcing the well-established bidirectional relationship between the two conditions. Similar disparities are evident in Aboriginal Australians, where Type 2 diabetes affects 18.8% of adults compared with 7.1% of non-Aboriginal adults and emerges almost a decade earlier. These patterns underscore the disproportionate burden of diabetes and periodontal disease among Indigenous communities and highlight the need for focused examination of their intersection within these populations.8 Although evidence suggests a heightened burden of both diabetes and periodontal disease among Indigenous populations, the existing research is fragmented and dispersed across diverse regions and study designs. There is currently no consolidated overview that brings together epidemiological, biological, and sociocultural findings to clarify how this relationship has been examined in Indigenous contexts. A scoping review is therefore needed to systematically map the available evidence, identify gaps in current knowledge, and guide future research and policy efforts aimed at improving oral–systemic health outcomes in Indigenous communities. References: 1. Genco RJ, Grossi SG, Ho A, Nishimura F, Murayama Y. A proposed model linking inflammation to obesity, diabetes, and periodontal infections. J Periodontol. 2005;76(11 Suppl):2075-2084. doi:10.1902/jop.2005.76.11-S.2075 2. Bai J, Shi F, Ma Y, Yang D, Yu C, Cao J. The Global Burden of Type 2 Diabetes Attributable to Tobacco: A Secondary Analysis From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Front Endocrinol. 2022;13:905367. doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.905367 3. IDF_Atlas_11th_Edition_2025.pdf. Accessed February 2, 2026. https://diabetesatlas.org/media/uploads/sites/3/2025/04/IDF_Atlas_11th_Edition_2025.pdf 4. Karuveettil V, Janakiram C, Ramesh S, Ramachandran A, John D. Economic burden and economic impact of oral diseases in India: a protocol for a systematic review. BMJ Open. 2025;15(9):e105664. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2025-105664 5. Il C. Time to take periodontitis seriously. BMJ. 2014;348. doi:10.1136/bmj.g2645 6. J B, V M, Y L, L P, L C, Jj M. Economic burden of periodontitis in the United States and Europe: An updated estimation. J Periodontol. 2022;93(3). doi:10.1002/JPER.21-0111 7. Bhoi N, Acharya SK. Health status of particularly vulnerable tribal groups (PVTGs) of Odisha: a narrative review. J Health Popul Nutr. 2024;43(1):176. doi:10.1186/s41043-024-00671-8 8. Roberts-Thomson KF, Do LG, Bartold PM, Daniels J, Grosse A, Meihubers S. Prevalence, extent and severity of severe periodontal destruction in an urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population. Aust Dent J. 2014;59(1):43-47. doi:10.1111/adj.12138
Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.