Coupled Cattaneo-Christov and Smoluchowski-Maxwell slip effects on solar-radiated rotating Sutterby hybrid nanofluid flow on a variable porosity stretching surface with HVAC applications

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Abstract This study investigates the rotating flow of a Sutterby water-based magnetized hybrid nanofluid containing MWCNTs and MoS 2 over a variable porous stretching surface. The Cattaneo-Christov heat flux theory is incorporated in the energy equation to control the thermal diffusion. The work proposes the integration of solar thermal energy into industrial processes such as solar heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, by incorporating thermal radiation, Joule heating, heat source/sink behavior, and thermal dissipation effects. The modeled equations are solved through the bvp4c approach in dimensionless form. As outcomes of this work, it is revealed that with growth in magnetic parameter M $\left(M\right)$ , Reynolds number Re $\left(\text{Re}\right)$ , and velocity slip factor, ε 1 $\left({\varepsilon }_{1}\right)$ there is a decline in linear velocity f ′ ξ $\left\{{f}^{\prime }\left(\xi \right)\right\}$ while augmentation in tangential velocity g ξ $\left\{g\left(\xi \right)\right\}$ . Thermal profiles θ ξ $\left\{\theta \left(\xi \right)\right\}$ augmented with growth in heat source parameter Q $\left(Q\right)$ , Eckert number E c $\left(\mathrm{E}\mathrm{c}\right)$ , radiation parameter R d $\left(\mathrm{R}\mathrm{d}\right)$ , and magnetic parameter,

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