Effectiveness of Foley Catheter Thermal Balloon Endometrial Ablation for the Treatment of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding

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OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of Foley catheter thermal balloon endometrial ablation in patients complaining of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB). STUDY DESIGN: A single-arm experimental study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan, from July 2022 to June 23. METHODOLOGY: Patients had endometrial sampling first to rule out atypia. A detailed history was obtained, and informed consent was secured. Endometrial ablation was performed with the help of a Foley catheter balloon and hot saline at 100°C under regional anaesthesia. After the procedure, patients were observed for six hours for short-term complications and subsequently discharged. Follow-up on 2, 8, 12, and 24 weeks was performed to record improvement in HMB. A paired-samples t-test was used, where a p-value of ˂0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The mean age of 88 patients was 45.67 ± 3.65 years. The mean duration of disease was 3.0 ± 1.44 years. Out of 88 patients, 54 (61.4%) were multiparas, and 34 (38.5%) were grand multiparas. At discharge, 13.6% of patients (12 subjects) reported nausea and vomiting. At 24 weeks, 38.6% (34 patients) reported significant improvement in per-vaginal bleeding. The initial preoperative HMB score was 110.47 ± 6.16, while the postoperative HMB score decreased to 86.80 ± 7.48. Statistical analysis revealed a highly significant decrease in HMB scores (p <0.001). CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed that Foley catheter thermal balloon endometrial ablation is an effective technique for HMB treatment. KEY WORDS: Heavy menstrual bleeding, Effectiveness, Endometrial ablation, Foley catheter thermal balloon.

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