Nitrogen-doped porous graphite with expanded interlayer distance as a high-performance anode for lithium-ion batteries

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Abstract To solve the problem of slow ion transport kinetics in natural graphite anodes, which stems from its two-dimensional layered structure and narrow interlayer distance, N-doped porous graphite (N-Gr etch ) was prepared through a synergistic strategy of potassium hydroxide (KOH) etching and nitrogen doping in this study. The prepared material maintains structural integrity while featuring abundant surface micropores. Due to the high proportion (57.4%) of pyrrolic-N successfully doped, its interlayer distance has expanded from 0.336 to 0.337 nm. Benefiting from this synergistic structure, the N-Gr etch anode shows excellent electrochemical performance, with a capacity of 340.15 mAh/g at 1 C, and 92.35% capacity retention after 300 cycles. Kinetic analysis shows that the micropores and expanded interlayer distance synergistically promote rapid lithium transport and improve the surface capacitive contribution. This synergistic modification strategy provides an effective approach for developing high-performance, fast-charging graphite anodes.

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