LIMU — Lifestyle Investigation at the Medical University: The Relationship Between Lifestyle and Dietary Habits and Body Composition Among Students of the Medical University of Lublin — Cross-sectional Study

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Objective: To evaluate the associations between lifestyle factors, psychological stress, and body composition, with particular emphasis on skeletal muscle mass, in medical students. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study included 202 medical students aged 19–26 years. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Physical activity, dietary habits, sleep duration, and psychological stress were evaluated using standardized questionnaires. Physical activity was expressed as metabolic equivalent of task, and psychological stress was assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale stress subscale. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess independent determinants of skeletal muscle mass. Results: Skeletal muscle mass was strongly associated with biological factors, including body weight, height, and sex. Physical activity showed a modest but statistically significant independent association with skeletal muscle mass. Psychological stress was not independently associated with skeletal muscle mass after adjustment for biological and behavioral variables. Associations between dietary or sleep-related variables and skeletal muscle mass were weak. Conclusions: In medical students, skeletal muscle mass is primarily determined by biological factors, with physical activity contributing modestly to its variability. Psychological stress does not appear to be directly associated with skeletal muscle mass in this young, generally healthy population, supporting the role of early lifestyle interventions focused on physical activity.

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