THE ROLE OF LIFESTYLE FACTORS AND HEALTH STATUS IN HYPERTENSION IN WAJO REGENCY, SOUTH SULAWESI, INDONESIA

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Background: The increasing burden of hypertension highlights the need to identify modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, particularly at the primary healthcare level, where prevention strategies are implemented. Purpose: This study aimed to identify the most influential risk factors for hypertension in the Sabbangparu Primary Health Center service area. Methods: A case–control study was conducted in 2023 among patients aged ≥35 years who accessed services at Sabbangparu Primary Health Center from September 2022 to February 2023. A total of 162 participants (54 cases and 108 controls) were selected using systematic random sampling from medical records. Data were collected through interviews and medical records. Bivariate analysis used the chi-square test, and multivariable analysis used logistic regression. Results: Family history (OR 13.64; 95% CI 5.71–33.52), high-salt intake (OR 4.85; 95% CI 2.32–10.67), and diabetes mellitus (OR 5.04; 95% CI 2.12–11.54) were significantly associated with hypertension. In the multivariable model, family history (aOR 14.45; 95% CI 5.20–40.64; p<0.001) and high-salt intake (aOR 6.96; 95% CI 2.44–20.56; p<0.001) remained the strongest predictors, indicating substantial contributions of genetic predisposition and dietary factors. Conclusion: Family history and high-salt intake are the most dominant risk factors for hypertension. Strengthening early detection, routine screening, and dietary interventions at the primary healthcare level is essential to reduce hypertension risk and prevent long-term cardiovascular complications.

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